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16- channel, 1 msps, 12- bit adc with sequencer in 28 - lead tssop data sheet ad7490 rev. d document feedback information furnished by analog devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by analog devices for its use, nor for any i nfringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. specifications subject to change without notice. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of analog devices. trademarks and re gistered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. one technology way, p.o. box 9106, norwood, ma 02062 - 9106, u.s.a. tel: 781.329.4700 ? 2002C 2012 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. technical support www.analog.com features fast throughput rate: 1 msps specified for v dd of 2.7 v to 5.25 v low power at maximum throughput r ates 5.4 mw maximum at 870 ksps with 3 v supplies 12.5 mw maximum at 1 msps with 5 v supplies 16 (single - ended) inputs with sequencer wide input ban dwidth 69.5 db snr at 50 khz input frequency flexible power/serial c lock speed management no pipeline delays high speed serial interface, spi/qspi?/microwire?/ dsp compatible full shutdown mode: 0.5 a maximum 28- lead tssop and 32 - lead lfcsp packages func tional block diagram ref in v in 0 v in 15 agnd v dd ad7490 input mux 12-bit successive approxim a tion adc contro l logic sequencer sclk dout din cs v drive t/h 02691-001 figure 1 . general description the ad7490 is a 12 - bit high speed, low power, 16 - channel, successive approximation adc. the part operates from a single 2.7 v to 5.25 v power supply and features throughput ra tes up to 1 msps. the part contains a low noise, wide bandwidth track - and - hold amplifier that can handle input frequencies in excess of 1 mhz. the conversion process and data acquisition are controlled using cs and the serial clock signal , allowing the device to easily interface with microprocessors or dsps. the input signal is sampled on the falling edge of cs , and conversion is also initiated at this point. there are no pipeline delays associated with the part. the ad74 90 uses advanced design techniques to achieve very low power dissipation at high throughput rates. for maximum throughput rates, the ad7490 consumes just 1.8 ma with 3 v supplies, and 2.5 ma with 5 v supplies. by setting the relevant bits in the control re gister, the analog input range for the part can be selected to be a 0 v to ref in input or a 0 v to 2 ref in input, with either straight binary or twos complement output coding. the ad7490 features 16 single - ended analog inputs with a channel sequencer to allow a preprogrammed selection of channels to be converted sequen - tially. the conversion time is determined by the sclk frequency because this is also used as the master clock to control the conversion. the ad7490 is available in a 32 - lead lfcsp and a 2 8 - lead tssop package. product highlights 1. the ad7490 offers up to 1 msps throughput rates. at maximum throughput with 3 v supplies, the ad7490 dissipates just 5.4 mw of power. 2. a sequence of channels can be selected, through which the ad7490 cycle s and conve rt s. 3. the ad7490 operates from a single 2.7 v to 5.25 v supply. the v drive function allows the serial interface to connect directly to either 3 v or 5 v processor systems independent of v dd . 4. the conversion rate is determined by the serial clock, allowing th e conversion time to be reduced through the serial clock speed increase. the part also features various shutdown modes to maximize power efficiency at lower throughput rates. power consumption is 0.5 a, maximum, when in full shutdown. 5. the part features a standard successive approximation adc with accurate control of the sampling instant via a cs input and once off conversion control.
important links for the ad7490 * last content update 04/07/2014 01:51 am documentation ad7490-ep: 16-channel, 1 msps, 12-bit adc with sequencer in 28-lead tssop data sheet ad7490-dscc : microcircuit, digital-linear, 16 channel, 1 msps, 12 bit analog-to-digital converter with sequencer, monolithic silicon military data sheet an-1141: powering a dual supply precision adc with switching regulators an-931: understanding pulsar adc support circuitry an-932: power supply sequenci the data conversion handbook ms-2210: designing power supplies for high speed a ms-2124: understanding ac behaviors of high speed adcs ms-1779: nine often overlooked adc specifications view the ad7490 product page for more documentation. suggested companion products recommended driver amplifiers for the ad7490 for low frequency and low bias current, we recommend the ada4627-1 . for low distortion, low noise, dual supplies, we recommend the ad8599 . for precision, low noise, single supply, we recommend the ad8605 family of operational amplifiers. for single supply, high speed, low power, we suggest the ad8031 or ada4841-1 . for high performance, high speed, we recommend the quad ada4899-1, ada4897-1 or the ad8021 . for additional driver amplifier selections , we recommend selecting the product category and filtering on our parametric search tables. recommended external voltage references for the ad7490 for applications requiring best accuracy, low noise, low drift, we recommend the adr421, adr4525 or the ad780 . for low noise, high output current applications, we recommend the adr431 . for wide supply applications, we recommend the adr03 or ad780 . for cost sensitive applications, we suggest the ad1582, adr381 or adr391 . for additional voltage reference selections , we recommend filtering on our parametric search tables. recommended digital isolators for the ad7490 for a 4-channel, 150mbps data rate, we recommend the adum3441 . for a 4- channel, 90mbps data rate, we recommend the adum1401 . for a 3-channel, 90 mbps data rate, we recommend the adum1301 . for additional digital isolator selections , we recommend filtering on our parametric search tables. similar products & parametric selection tables find similar products by operating parameters sar adc & driver quick-match guide design tools, models, drivers & software bemicro fpga project for ad7490 with nios driver ad7490 fmc-sdp interposer & evaluation board / xilinx kc705 reference design evaluation kits & symbols & footprints view the evaluation boards and kits page for documentation and purchasing symbols and footprints design collaboration community collaborate online with the adi support team and other designers about select adi products. follow us on twitter: www.twitter.com/adi_news like us on facebook: www.facebook.com/analogdevicesinc design support submit your support request here: linear and data converters embedded processing and dsp telephone our customer interaction centers toll free: americas: 1-800-262-5643 europe: 00800-266-822-82 china: 4006-100-006 india: 1800-419-0108 russia: 8-800-555-45-90 quality and reliability lead(pb)-free data package information sample & buy ad7490 find local distributors * this page was dynamically generated by analog devices, inc. and inserted into this data sheet. note: dynamic changes to the content on this page (labeled 'important links') does not constitute a change to the revision number of the product data sheet. this content may be frequently modified. powered by tcpdf (www.tcpdf.org)
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 2 of 28 table of contents features .............................................................................................. 1 functional block diagram .............................................................. 1 general description ......................................................................... 1 product highlights ........................................................................... 1 revision history ............................................................................... 2 specifications ..................................................................................... 3 timing specifications .................................................................. 5 absolute maximum ratings ............................................................ 6 esd caution .................................................................................. 6 pin configurations and function desc riptions ........................... 7 typical performance characteristics ............................................. 8 terminology .................................................................................... 10 internal register structure ............................................................ 12 control register .......................................................................... 1 2 shadow register ......................................................................... 14 theory of operation ...................................................................... 16 circuit information .................................................................... 16 converter operation .................................................................. 16 adc transfer function ............................................................. 17 typical connection diagram ................................................... 18 modes of operation ................................................................... 19 serial interface ............................................................................ 22 power vs. throughput rate ....................................................... 23 microprocessor interfacing ....................................................... 24 application hints ....................................................................... 25 outline dimensions ....................................................................... 26 ordering guide .......................................................................... 27 revision history 12 /12 rev. c to rev. d changes to figure 4 and table 4 ............................................................. 7 updated outline dimensions (changed cp - 32- 2 to cp - 32- 7 ) ..... 26 changes to ordering guide ........................................................... 27 6 /09 rev. b to rev. c change to i dd auto standby mode parameter, table 1 ............... 4 5 /08 rev. a to rev. b updated format .................................................................. universal change s to tabl e 1 ............................................................................ 3 change s to figure 12 and figure 13 ............................................. 14 change s to figure 14 ...................................................................... 15 change s to reference s ection ....................................................... 1 9 updated outline dimensions ....................................................... 2 6 changes to ordering guide .......................................................... 2 7 10/02 rev. 0 to rev. a addition to general de scription ..................................................... 1 changes to timing specification notes ......................................... 4 change to absolute maximum ratings ......................................... 5 addition to ordering guide ............................................................ 5 changes to typical performance characteristics .......................... 8 added new figure 9 .......................................................................... 8 changes to figure 12 and figure 14............................................. 11 changes to figure 20 ...................................................................... 13 changes to figure 20 to figure 26 ................................................ 14 addition to analog input section ................................................ 14 change to figure 29 caption ......................................................... 18 change to figure 30 to figure 32 ................................................. 18 added app lication hints section ................................................. 20 1/02 revision 0: initial version
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | pa ge 3 of 28 specifications v dd = v drive = 2.7 v to 5.25 v, ref in = 2.5 v, f sclk 1 = 20 mhz, t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted. temperature r ange (b version): ? 40 c to +85 c. table 1. parameter test conditions/comments min typ max unit dynamic performance f in = 50 khz sine wave, f sclk = 20 mhz signal -to -( noise + distortion) (sinad) 2 v dd = 5 v 69 70.5 db v dd = 3 v 68 69.5 db signal -to - noise ratio (snr) 2 69.5 db total harmonic distortion (thd) 2 v dd = 5 v ?84 ? 74 db v dd = 3 v ?77 ? 71 db peak harmonic or spurious noise (sfdr) 2 v dd = 5 v ?86 ? 75 db v dd = 3 v ?80 ? 73 db intermodulation distortion (imd) 2 fa = 40.1 khz, fb = 41.5 khz second - order terms ? 85 db third - order terms ? 85 db aperture delay 10 ns aperture jitter 50 ps channel -to - channel isolation 2 f in = 400 khz ? 82 db full power bandwidth 3 db 8.2 mhz 0.1 db 1.6 mhz dc accuracy 2 resolution 12 bits integral nonlinearity 1 lsb differential nonlinearity guaranteed no missed codes to 12 bits ? 0.95/+1.5 lsb 0 v to ref in input range straight binary output coding offset error 0.6 8 lsb offset error match 0.5 lsb gain error 2 lsb gain error match 0.6 lsb 0 v to 2 ref in input range ? ref in to + ref in biased ab out ref in with twos complement output coding offset positive gain error 2 lsb positive gain error match 0.5 lsb zero code error 0.6 8 lsb zero code error match 0.5 lsb negative gain error 1 lsb negative gain erro r match 0.5 lsb analog input input voltage range range bit set to 1 0 ref in v range bit set to 0, v dd = 4.75 v to 5.25 v for 0 v to 2 ref in 0 2 ref in v dc leakage current 1 a input capacitance 20 pf reference input ref in input voltage 1% specified performance 2.5 v dc leakage current 1 a ref in input impedance f sample = 1 msps 36 k ?
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 4 of 28 parameter test conditions/comments min typ max unit logic inputs input high voltage, v inh 0.7 v drive v input low voltage, v inl 0.3 v drive v input current, i in v in = 0 v or v drive 0.01 1 a input capacitance, c in + 3 10 pf logic outputs output high voltage, v oh i source = 200 a; v dd = 2.7 v to 5.25 v v drive ? 0.2 v output low voltage, v ol i sink = 200 a 0.4 v floa ting state leakage current weak/ tri bit set to 0 10 a floating state output capacitance 3 weak/ tri bit set to 0 10 pf output coding coding bit set to 1 strai ght (natural) binary coding bit set to 0 twos complement conversion rate conversion time 16 sclk cycles, sclk = 20 mhz 800 ns track - and - hold acquisition time 2 sine wave input 300 ns full - scale step input 300 ns throughput rate v dd = 5 v (see the serial interface section) 1 msps power requirements v dd 2.7 5.25 v v drive 2.7 5.25 v i dd 4 digital inputs = 0 v or v drive normal mode (static) v dd = 2.7 v to 5.25 v, sclk on or off 600 a normal mode (operational) v dd = 4.75 v to 5.25 v, f sclk = 20 mhz 2.5 ma (f s = max imum throughput) v dd = 2.7 v to 3.6 v, f sclk = 20 mhz 1.8 ma auto standby mode f sam ple = 500 ksps 1.55 ma static 100 a auto shutdown mode f sample = 250 ksps 960 a static 0.5 a full shutdown mode sclk on or off 0.02 0.5 a power dissipation 4 normal mode (operational) v dd = 5 v, f sclk = 20 mhz 12.5 mw v dd = 3 v, f sclk = 20 mhz 5.4 mw auto standby mode (static) v dd = 5 v 460 w v dd = 3 v 276 w auto shutdown mode (static) v dd = 5 v 2.5 w v dd = 3 v 1.5 w full shut down mode v dd = 5 v 2.5 w v dd = 3 v 1.5 w 1 specifications apply for f sclk up to 20 mhz. however, f or s erial interfacing requirements, see the timing specifications section. 2 see the terminology section. 3 guaranteed by characterization . 4 see the power vs. throughput rate section.
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | pa ge 5 of 28 timing specification s v dd = 2.7 v to 5.25 v, v drive v dd , ref in = 2.5 v; t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted. table 2 . timing specifications 1 limit at t min , t max parameter v dd = 3 v v dd = 5 v unit description f sclk 2 10 10 khz min 16 20 mhz max t convert 16 t sclk 16 t sclk t quiet 50 50 ns min minimum quiet time required between bus relinquish and start of next conversion t 2 12 10 ns min cs to sclk setup time t 3 3 20 14 ns max delay from cs until dout three - state disabled t 3 b 4 30 20 ns max delay from cs to dout valid t 4 3 60 40 ns max data access time after sclk falling edge t 5 0.4 t sclk 0.4 t sclk ns min sclk low pulse width t 6 0.4 t sclk 0.4 t sclk ns min sclk high pulse width t 7 15 15 ns min sclk to dout valid hold time t 8 5 15/50 15/50 ns m in/max sclk falling edge to dout high impedance t 9 20 20 ns min din setup time prior to sclk falling edge t 10 5 5 ns min din hold time after sclk falling edge t 11 20 20 ns min 16 th sclk falling edge to cs high t 12 1 1 s max power - up time from full power - down/auto shutdown/auto standby modes 1 guaranteed by characterization . all input signals are specified with t r = t f = 5 ns (10% to 90% of v dd ) and timed f rom a voltage level of 1.6 v (s ee figure 2 ) . the 3 v operating range spans from 2.7 v to 3.6 v. the 5 v operating range spans from 4.75 v to 5.25 v. 2 the m ark/ s pace ratio for the sclk input is 40/60 to 60/40. the maximum sclk frequency is 16 mhz with v dd = 3 v to give a throughput of 870 ksps. care must be taken when inte rfacing to account for data access time , t 4 , and the setup time required for the users processor. these two times determine the maximum sclk frequency with which the users system ca n operate (see the serial interface section ) . 3 m easured with the load circuit of figure 2 and defined as the time required for the output to cross 0.4 v o r 0.7 v drive . 4 t 3 b represents a worst - case figure for having add3 available on the dout line, that is , if the ad7490 goes back into three - state at the end of a conversion and some other device takes control of the bus between conversions, the user has to wait a maximum time of t 3 b before having add3 valid on the dout line. if the dout line is weakly driven to add3 between co nversions, the user typically has to wait 17 ns at 3 v and 12 ns at 5 v after the cs falling edge before seeing add3 valid on dout. 5 t 8 is derived from the measured time taken by the data outputs to change 0.5 v when loaded with the circ uit of figure 2 . the measured number is then extrapolated back to remove the effects of charging or discharging the 25 pf capacitor. this means that the time, t 8 , quoted in the timing characteristics, is the true bus relinquish tim e of the part and is independent of the bus loading. 02691-002 200 a i o l 200 a i oh 1.6v t o output pin c l 25pf figure 2 . load circuit for digital output timing specifications
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 6 of 28 absolute maximum rat ings t a = 25c, unless otherwise noted. table 3. parameter rating v dd to gnd ? 0.3 v to +7 v v drive to gnd ? 0.3 v to v dd + 0.3 v analog input voltage to gnd ? 0.3 v to v dd + 0.3 v digital input voltage to gnd ? 0.3 v to +7 v digital output voltage to gnd ? 0.3 v to v dd + 0.3 v ref in to gnd ? 0.3 v to v dd + 0.3 v input current to any pin except supplies 1 10 ma operating temperature ranges commercial (b version) ? 40 c to +85 c storage temperature range ? 65 c to +150 c junction temperature 150 c lfcsp, tssop package, power dissipation 450 mw ja thermal impedance 108 .2 c/w (lfcsp) 97.9 c/w (tssop) jc thermal impedance 32.71 c/w (lfcsp) 14 c/w (tssop) lead temperature, soldering vapor phase (60 sec) 215 c infrared (15 sec) 220 c esd 1 kv 1 transient currents of up to 100 ma do not cause scr latch - up. stresses above those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cau se permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. esd caution
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | pa ge 7 of 28 pin configurations a nd function descript ions 02691-003 ad7490 t o p view (not to scale) v in 1 1 1 v in 12 28 v in 10 2 v in 13 27 v in 9 3 v in 14 26 nc 4 v in 15 25 v in 8 5 agnd 24 v in 7 6 ref in 23 v in 6 7 v dd 22 v in 5 8 agnd 21 v in 4 9 cs 20 v in 3 10 din 19 v in 2 1 1 nc 18 v in 1 12 v drive 17 v in 0 13 sclk 16 agnd 14 dout 15 nc = no connect al l nc pins should be connected straight t o agnd figure 3 . 28 - lead tssop pin configuration 02691-032 notes 1. nc = no connect. all nc pins should be connected straight to agnd. 2. connect exposed pad to gnd ad7490 top view (not to scale) 1 v in 15 2 nc 3 agnd 4 ref in 5 v dd 6 agnd 7 cs 8 din 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 nc v in 8 v in 7 v in 6 v in 5 v in 4 v in 3 nc 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 v in 2 v in 1 v in 0 agnd dout sclk v drive nc 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 nc v in 9 v in 10 v in 11 v in 12 v in 13 v in 14 nc figure 4 . 32 - lead lfcsp pin configuration table 4 . pin function description s pin no. mnemonic description tssop fc sp 20 18 cs chip select. active low logic input. this input provides the dual function of initiating conversions on t he ad7490 and also frames the serial data transfer. 23 21 ref in reference input for the ad7490. an external reference must be applied to this input. the voltage range for the external reference is 2.5 v 1% for specified performance. 22 20 v dd power supply input. the v dd range for the ad7490 is from 2.7 v to 5.25 v. for the 0 v to 2 ref in range, v dd should be from 4.75 v to 5.25 v. 14, 21, 24 12, 19, 22 agnd analog ground. ground reference point for all circuitry on the ad7490. all analog/digita l input signals and any external reference signal should be referred to this agnd voltage. all agnd pins should be connected together. 13 to 5, 3 to 1, 28 to 25 11 to 9, 7 to 2, 31 to 26, 24 v in 0 to v in 15 analog input 0 through analog input 15. sixte en single - ended analog input channels that are multiplexed into the on chip track - and - hold . the analog input channel to be converted is selected by using the address bits add3 through add0 of the control register. the address bits , in conjunction with the seq and shadow bits , allow the sequence register to be program med. the input range for all input channels can extend from 0 v to ref in or 0 v to 2 ref in as selected via the range bit in the control register. any unused input channels should be connected to agnd to avoid noise pickup. 19 17 din data in. logic input. data to be w ritten to the control register of the ad7490 is provided on this input and is clocked into the register on the falling edge of sclk (see the control register section). 15 13 dout data out. logic output. the conversion result from the ad7490 is provided on this output as a serial data stream. the bits are clocked out on the falling edge of the sclk input. the data stream consists of four address bits indicating which channel the conversion result corresponds to, followed by the 12 bits of conversion data, which is provided by msb first. the output coding can be selected as straight binary or twos complement via the coding bit in the contr ol register. 16 14 sclk serial clock. logic input. sclk provides the serial clock for accessing data from the part. this clock input is also u sed as the clock source for the conversion process of the ad7490 . 17 15 v drive logic power supply input. the voltage supplied at this pin determines at what voltage the serial interface of the ad7490 operate s . n/a ep epad exposed pad. connect exposed pad to gnd.
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 8 of 28 typical performance characteristics figure 5 shows a typical fft plot for the ad7490 at 1 msps sample rate and 50 khz input frequency. figure 7 shows the power supply rejection ratio vs. supply ripple frequency for the ad7490. the power supply rejection ratio is defi ned as the ratio of the power in the adc output at full - scale frequency f, to the power of a 200 mv p - p sine wave applied to the adc v dd supply of frequency f s . ( ) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? = s pf pf psrr log 10 db where: pf is equal to the powe r at frequency f in adc output. pf s is e qual to power at frequency f s coupled onto the adc v dd supply input. here, a 200 mv p - p sine wave is coupled onto the v dd supply. 10 nf decoupling was used on the supply , and a 1 f decoupling cap acitor was used on the ref in pin. 5 ?95 ?75 ?55 ?35 ?15 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 500 450 8192 point fft f sample = 1msps f in = 50khz sinad = 70.697db thd = ?79.171db sfdr = ?79.93db 02691-004 frequenc y (khz) snr (db) figure 5 . dynamic performance at 1 msps 75 55 60 65 70 10 100 1000 02691-005 input frequenc y (khz) sinad (db) f s = max throughput t a = 25c range = 0v t o ref in v dd = v drive = 5.25v v dd = v drive = 4.75v v dd = v drive = 3.6v v dd = v drive = 2.7v figure 6 . sinad vs. analog input frequency for various supply voltages at 1 msps ?20 ?90 ?80 ?70 ?60 ?50 ?40 ?30 0 100k 200k 300k 400k 500k 600k 700k 800k 900k 1m 02691-006 input frequenc y (hz) psrr (db) v dd = 5v v dd = 3v v dd = 3v/5 v , 10nf ca p 200mv p-p sine w a ve on v dd ref in = 2.5 v , 1f ca p t a = 25c figure 7 . psrr vs. supply ripple frequency ?50 ?90 ?85 ?80 ?75 ?70 ?65 ?60 ?55 10 100 1000 02691-007 input frequenc y (khz) thd (db) v dd = v drive = 2.7v v dd = v drive = 3.6v v dd = v drive = 4.75v v dd = v drive = 5.25v f s = max throughput t a = 25c range = 0v t o ref in figure 8 . thd vs. analog input frequency for various supply voltages at 1 msps
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | pa ge 9 of 28 ?50 ?85 ?80 ?75 ?70 ?65 ?60 ?55 10 100 1000 02691-008 input frequenc y (hz) thd (db) r in = 1000? r in = 100? r in = 10? r in = 5? f s = 1msps t a = 25c v dd = 5.25v range = 0v t o ref in figure 9 . thd vs. analog input frequency for various analog source impedances 1.0 ?1.0 ?0.8 ?0.6 ?0.4 ?0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 3072 3584 4096 02691-009 code in l error (lsb) v dd = v drive = 5v temper a ture = 25c figure 10 . typical inl 1.0 ?1.0 ?0.8 ?0.6 ?0.4 ?0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 3072 3584 4096 02691-010 code dn l error (lsb) v dd = v drive = 5v temper a ture = 25c figure 11 . typical dnl
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 10 of 28 terminology integral nonlinearity this is the maximum deviation from a straight line passing through the endpoints of the adc transfer function. the end - points of the transfer function are zero scale, a point 1 lsb b elow the first code transition, and full scale, a point 1 lsb above the last code transition. differential nonlinearity this is the difference between the measured and the ideal 1 lsb change between any two adjacent codes in the adc. offset error this is t he deviation of the first code transition (00 000) to (00 001) from the ideal, that is, agnd + 1 lsb. offset error match this is the difference in offset error between any two channels. gain error this is the deviation of the last code transition (111 110) to (111 111) from the ideal (that is, ref in ? 1 lsb) after the offset error has been adjusted out. gain error match this is the difference in gain error between any two channels. zero code error this applies when using the twos complement output coding option, in particular to the 2 ref in input ra nge with ? ref in to + ref in biased about the ref in point. it is the deviation of the midscale transition (all 0s to all 1s) from the ideal v in voltage, that is, ref in ? 1 lsb. zero code error match this is the difference in zero code error between any two ch annels. positive gain error this applies when using the twos complement output coding option, in particular the 2 ref in input range with ? ref in to + ref in biased about the ref in point. it is the deviation of the last code transition (011 110) to (011 111) from the ideal (that is, + ref in ? 1 lsb) after the zero code error has been adjusted out. positive gain error match this is the difference in positive gain error between any two channels. negative gain error this applies when using the twos complement output coding option, in particular to the 2 ref in input range with ? ref in to + ref in biased about the ref in point. it is the deviation of the first code transition (100 000) to (100 001) from the ideal (that is, ? ref in + 1 lsb) after the zero code e rror has been adjusted out. negative gain error match this is the difference in negative gain error between any two channels. channel -to - channel isolation channel - to - channel isolation is a measure of the level of crosstalk between channels. it is measured by applying a full - scale 400 khz sine wave signal to all 15 nonselected input channels and determining how much that signal is attenuated in the selected channel with a 50 khz signal. this specification is the worst case across all 16 channels for the ad7 490. psr (power supply rejection) variations in power supply affect the full scale tr ansition, but not the converter linearity. power supply rejection is the maximum change in the full - scale transition point due to a change in power supply voltage from the nominal value. (see the typical performance characteristics section ) . track - and- hold acquisition time the track - and - hold amplifier returns into track on the 14 th sclk falling edge. track - and - hold acquisition time i s the minimum time required for the track - and - hold amplifier to remain in track mode for its output to reach and settle to within 1 lsb of the applied input signal, given a step change to the input signal. signal -to - (noise + distortion) ratio this is the measured ratio of signal to (noise + distortion) at the output of the analog - to - digital converter. the signal is the rms amplitude of the fundamental. noise is th e sum of all nonfunda - mental signals up to half the sampling frequency (f s /2), excluding dc. t he ratio is dependent on the number of quantization levels in the digitization process; the more levels, the smaller the quan - tization noise. the theoretical signal - to - (noise + distortion ) ratio for an ideal n - bit converter with a sine wave input is given by signal - to - (noise + distortion) (db) = 6.02 n + 1.76 thus for a 12 - bit converter, this is 74 db. total harmonic distortion total harmonic distortion (thd) is the ratio of the rms sum of harmonics to the fundamental. for the ad7490, it is defined as ( ) 1 6 5 4 3 2 v v v v v v thd 2 2 2 2 2 log 20 db + + + + = where v 1 is the rms amplitude of the fundamental and v 2 , v 3 , v 4 , v 5 , and v 6 are the rms amplitudes of the second through the sixth harmonics.
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | pa ge 11 of 28 peak harmonic or spurious noise peak harmonic or spurious noise is defined as the ratio of the rms value of the next largest component in the adc output spectrum (up to f s /2 and excluding dc) to the rms value of the fundamental. normally, the value of this specification is determined by the largest harmonic in the spectrum, but for adcs where the ha rmonics are buried in the noise floor, it is a noise peak. intermodulation distortion with inputs consisting of sine waves at two frequencies, fa and fb, any active device with nonlinearities creates distortion products at the sum and difference frequenci es of mfa nfb, where m, n = 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on. intermodulation distortion terms are those for which neither m nor n are equal to zero. for example, the second order terms include (fa + fb) and (fa ? fb), while the third order terms include (2fa + fb), (2fa ? fb), (fa + 2fb) and (fa ? 2fb). the ad7490 is tested using the ccif standard where two input frequencies near the top end of the input bandwidth are used. in this case, the second order terms ar e usually distanced in frequency from the original sine waves , and the third order terms are usually at a frequency close to the input frequencies. as a result, the second and third order terms are specified separately. the calculation of the intermodulati on distortion is per the thd specification, where it is the ratio of the rms sum of the individual distortion products to the rms amplitude of the sum of the fundamentals expressed in decibels .
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 12 of 28 i nternal register str ucture control register the control re gister on the ad7490 is a 12 - bit, write - only register. data is loaded from the din pin of the ad7490 on the falling edge of sclk. the data is transferred on the din line at the same time as the conversion result is read from the part. the data transferred on the din line corresponds to the ad7490 configuration for the next conversion. this requires 16 serial clocks for every data transfer. only the information provided on the first 12 falling clock edges (after the cs falling edge) i s loaded to the control register. msb denotes the first bit in the data stream. the bit functions are outlined in table 5 . table 5 . control register msb lsb 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 write seq add3 add2 add1 add0 pm1 pm0 shadow weak/ tri range coding table 6 . control register bit functions bit name description 11 write the value written to this bit of the control register determines whe ther the following 11 bits are loaded to the control register or not. if this bit is a 1, the following 11 bits are written to the control register; if it is a 0, the remaining 11 bits are not loaded to the control register , and it remains unchanged. 10 seq the seq bit in the control register is used in conjunction with the shadow bit to control the use of the sequencer function and access the shadow register (see table 9). 9 to 6 add3 to add0 these four address bi ts are loaded at the end of the present conversion sequence and select which analog input channel is to be converted on in the next serial transfer, or they may select the final channel in a consecutive sequence , as described in table 9. the selected input channel is decoded as shown in table 7 . the next channel to be converted on is selected by the mux on the 14 th sclk falling edge. the address bits corresponding to the conversion result are also output on dout pr ior to the 12 bits of data (see the serial interface section). 5, 4 pm1, pm0 power m anagement bits. these two bits decode the mode of operation of the ad7490, as shown in table 8. 3 shadow the shadow bit in the control register is used in conjunction with the seq bit to control the use of the sequencer function and access the shadow register (see table 9). 2 weak/ t r i this bit selects the state of the dout line at the end of the current serial transfer. if it is set to 1, the dout line is weakly driven to the add3 channel address bit of the ensuing conversion. if this bit is set to 0, dout return s to three - state at the end of the serial transfer. see the control register section for more details. 1 range this bit selects the analog input range to be used on the ad7490. if it is set to 0, the analog input range extend s from 0 v to 2 ref in . if it is set to 1, the analog input range extend s from 0 v to ref in (for the next conversion). for 0 v to 2 ref in , v dd = 4.75 v to 5.25 v. 0 coding this bit selects the type of output coding used by the ad7490 for the conversion resul t. if this bit is set to 0, the output coding for the part is twos complement. if this bit is set to 1, the output coding from the part is straight binary (for the next conversion).
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | pa ge 13 of 28 table 7 . channel selection add3 add2 add1 ad d0 analog input channel 0 0 0 0 v in 0 0 0 0 1 v in 1 0 0 1 0 v in 2 0 0 1 1 v in 3 0 1 0 0 v in 4 0 1 0 1 v in 5 0 1 1 0 v in 6 0 1 1 1 v in 7 1 0 0 0 v in 8 1 0 0 1 v in 9 1 0 1 0 v in 10 1 0 1 1 v in 11 1 1 0 0 v in 12 1 1 0 1 v in 13 1 1 1 0 v in 14 1 1 1 1 v in 15 table 8 . power mode selection pm1 pm0 mode 1 1 normal o peration. in this mode, the ad7490 remains in full power mode , regardless of the status of any of the logic inputs. this mode allows the fastest possible throughput rate from the ad7490. 1 0 full s hutdown. in this m ode, the ad7490 is in full shut down mode, with all circuitry on the ad7490 powering down. the ad7490 retains the information in the control register while in full shutdown. the part remains in full shutdown until these bits are changed in the control register. 0 1 auto s hutdown. in this mode, the ad7490 automatically enters shutdown mode at the end of each conversion when the c ontrol register is updated. wake - up time from shutdown is 1 s , and the user should ensure that 1 s has elapsed before attempting to perform a valid conversion on the part in this mode. 0 0 auto s tandby . in this standby mode, portions of the ad7490 ar e powered down, but the on - chip bias generator remains powered up. this mode is similar to auto shutdown and allows the part to power up within one dummy cycle, that is, 1 s with a 20 mhz sclk. sequencer operation the configuration of the seq and shado w bits in the control register allows the user to select a particular mode of operation of the sequencer function. tabl e 9 outlines the four modes of operation of the sequencer. table 9 . sequ ence selection seq shadow sequence type 0 0 this configuration means the sequence function is not used. the analog input channel selected for each individual conversion is determined by the contents of the channel address bits add0 through add3 in ea ch prior write operation. this mode of operation reflects the normal operation of a multichannel adc, without the sequencer function being used, where each write to the ad7490 selects the next channel for conversion (s ee figure 12) . 0 1 this configuration selects the shadow r egister for programming. after the write to the control register, the following write operation load s the contents of the shadow r egister. this program s the sequence of channels to be conver ted on continuously with each successive valid cs falling edge ( s ee shadow r egister , table 10 and figure 13) . the channels selected need not be cons ecutive. 1 0 if the seq and shadow bits are set in this way, the sequence function is not interrupted upon completion of the write operation. this allows other bits in the control register to be altered while in a sequence without terminating the cycle . 1 1 this configuration is used in conjunction with the add3 to add0 channel address bits to program continuous conversions on a consecutive sequence of channels from channel 0 through to a selected final channel , as determined by the channel addres s bits in the control register ( s ee figure 14) .
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 14 of 28 shadow register the shadow register on the ad7490 is a 16-bit, write-only register. data is loaded from the din pin of the ad7490 on the falling edge of sclk. the data is transferred on the din line at the same time that a conversion result is read from the part. this requires 16 serial falling edges for the data transfer. the information is clocked into the shadow register, provided the seq and shadow bits are set to 0, 1, respectively, in the previous write to the control register. msb denotes the first bit in the data stream. each bit represents an analog input from channel 0 through channel 15. a sequence of channels can be selected through which the ad7490 cycles with each consecutive cs falling edge after the write to the shadow register. to select a sequence of channels, the associated channel bit must be set for each analog input. the ad7490 continuously cycles through the selected channels in ascending order, beginning with the lowest channel, until a write operation occurs (that is, the write bit is set to 1), with the seq and shadow bits configured in any way except 1, 0 (see table 9). the bit functions are outlined in table 10. figure 12 reflects the normal operation of a multichannel adc, where each serial transfer selects the next channel for conversion. in this mode of operation, the sequencer function is not used. 02691-011 dout: conversion result from previously selected channel add3 to add0 din: write to control register, write bit = 1, select coding, range,and power mode select add3 to add0 for conversion, seq = shadow = 0 din: write to control register, write bit = 1, select coding, range, and power mode select channel add3 to add0 for conversion, seq = shadow = 0 dummy conversions din = all 1s c s c s write bit = 1, seq = shadow = 0 power on figure 12. seq bit = 0, shadow bit = 0 flowchart figure 13 shows how to program the ad7490 to continuously convert on a particular sequence of channels using the shadow register. to exit this mode of operation and revert back to the normal mode of operation of a multichannel adc (as outlined in figure 12), ensure that write = 1 and seq = shadow = 0 on the next serial transfer. 02691-012 din: write to control register, write bit = 1, select coding, range, and power mode select channel add3 to add0 for conversion, seq = 0 shadow = 1 cs dout: conversion result from previously selected channel add3 to add0 din: write to shadow register, selecting which channels to convert on; channels selected need not be consecutive cs dummy conversions din = all 1s power on c s continuously converts on the selected sequence of channels but allows range, coding, and so on, to change in the control register without interrupting the sequence provided, seq = 1 shadow = 0 write bit = 0 write bit = 0 write bit = 0 write bit = 1, seq = 1, shadow = 0 write bit = 1, seq = 1, shadow = 0 continuously converts on the selected sequence of channels figure 13. seq bit = 0, shadow bit = 1 flowchart table 10. shadow register msb lsb 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 v in 0 v in 1 v in 2 v in 3 v in 4 v in 5 v in 6 v in 7 v in 8 v in 9 v in 10 v in 11 v in 12 v in 13 v in 14 v in 15
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | page 15 of 28 figure 14 shows how a sequence of consecutive channels can be converted on without having to program the shadow register or write to the part on each serial transfer. again, to exit this mode of operation and revert back to the normal mode of operation of a multichannel adc (as outlined in figure 12), ensure that the write = 1 and seq = shadow = 0 on the next serial transfer. 02691-013 continuously converts on the selected sequence of channels but will allow range, coding, and so on, to change in the control register without interrupting the sequence provided, seq = 1, shadow = 0 dummy conversions din = all 1s din: write to control register, write bit = 1, select coding, range, and power mode select channel add3 to add0 for conversion, seq = 1 shadow = 1 cs dout: conversion result from channel 0 continuously converts on a consecutive sequence of channels from channel 0 up to and including the previously selected add3 to add0 in the control register cs cs write bit = 1, seq = 1, shadow = 0 power on write bit = 0 write bit = 1, seq = 1, shadow = 0 figure 14. seq bit = 1, shadow bit = 1 flowchart
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 16 of 28 theory of operation circuit information the ad7490 is a fast, 16 - channel, 12 - bit, single - supply, analog - to - digital converter. the parts can be operated from a 2.7 v to 5.2 5 v supply. when operated from a 5 v supply and provided with a 20 mhz clock, the ad7490 is capable of throughput rates of up to 1 msps. the ad7490 provides the user w ith an on - chip, track - and - hold adc and a serial interface housed in either a 28 - lead tsso p or 32- lead lfcsp package. the ad7490 has 16 single - ended input channels with a channel sequencer, allowing the user to select a sequence of channels t hrough which the adc can cycle with each consecutive cs falling edge. the serial clock input accesses data from the part, controls the transfer of data written to the adc, and provides the clock source for the successive approximation adc . the analog input range for the ad74790 is 0 v to ref in or 0 v to 2 ref in , depending on the stat us of bit 1 in the control register. for the 0 v to 2 ref in range, the part must be operated from a 4.75 v to 5.25 v supply. the ad7490 provides flexible power management options to allow the user to achieve the best power performance for a given through put rate. these options are selected by program - ming the power management bits in the control register. converter operation the ad7490 is a 12 - bit successive approximation adc based around a capacitive dac. the ad7490 can convert analog input signals in th e range 0 v to ref in or 0 v to 2 ref in . figure 15 and figure 16 show simplified schematics of the adc. the adc comprises control logic, sar, and a capacitive dac, which are used to add and subtract fixed amounts of charge from the sampling capacitor to bring the comparator back into a balanced condition. figure 15 shows the adc during its acquisition phase. sw2 is closed and sw1 is in position a. the comparator is held in a balanced condition , and the sampling capacitor acquires the signal on the selected v in channel. when the adc starts a conversion (see figure 16 ), sw2 open s and sw1 move s to position b, causing the comparator to become unbalanced. the control logic and the capacitive dac are used to add and subtract fixed amounts of charge from the sampling capacitor to bring the comparator back into a balanced condi - tion. when the comparator is rebalanced, the c on version is complete. the control logic generates the adc output code. figure 18 shows the adc transfer function. 02691-014 v in 0 v in 15 agnd a b sw1 sw2 4k? com p ar a t or ca p acitive dac contro l logic figure 15 . adc acquisition phase 02691-015 v in 0 v in 15 agnd a b sw1 sw2 4k? com p ar a t or ca p acitive dac contro l logic figure 16 . adc conversion phase analog input figure 17 shows an equivalent circuit of the analog input struc - ture of the ad7490. the two diodes, d1 and d2, provide esd protection for the analog inputs. care must be taken to ensure that the analog input signal never exceeds the supply rails by more than 200 mv. this cause s these diodes to become forward biased and to start conducting current into the substrate. t he maximum current these diodes can conduct with out causing irreversible damage to the part is 10 ma . c apacitor c1 in figure 17 is typically about 4 pf and can primarily be attributed to pin capacitance. r esistor r1 is a lumped component made up of the on resist ance of a track - and - hold switch and includes the on resistance of the input multiplexer. the total resistance is typically about 400 ?. c apacitor c2 is the adc sampling capacitor and typically has a capacitance of 30 pf. 02691-016 c1 4pf v in conversion phase?switch open track phase?switch closed v dd r1 c2 30pf d2 d1 figure 17 . equivalent analog input circuit for ac applications, removing high frequency components from the analog input signal is recommended by use of an rc low - pass filter on the relevant analog input pin. in applications where harmonic distortion and signal - t o - noise ratio are critical, the analog input should be driven from a low impedance source. large source impedances significantly affect the ac performance of the adc. this may necessitate the use of an input buffer amplifier. the choice of the op amp is a function of the particular application.
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | page 17 of 28 when no amplifier is used to drive the analog input, the source impedance should be limited to low values. the maximum source impedance depends on the amount of total harmonic distortion (thd) that can be tolerated. the thd increases as the source impedance increases, and performance degrades (see figure 9). adc transfer function the output coding of the ad7490 is either straight binary or twos complement depending on the status of the lsb (coding bit) in the control register. the designed code transitions occur midway between successive lsb values (that is, 1 lsb, 2 lsbs, and so on). the lsb size is equal to ref in /4096. the ideal transfer characteristic for the ad7490 when straight binary coding is selected is shown in figure 18. 02691-017 111...111 111...110 111...000 000...010 011...111 000...001 000...000 0v 1lsb +v ref ? 1lsb 1lsb = v ref /4096 v ref is either ref in or 2 ref in analog input figure 18. straight binary transfer characteristic handling bipolar input signals figure 20 shows how useful the combination of the 2 ref in input range and the twos complement output coding scheme is for handling bipolar input signals. if the bipolar input signal is biased about ref in and twos complement output coding is selected, ref in becomes the zero code point, ?ref in is negative full scale, and +ref in becomes positive full scale, with a dynamic range of 2 ref in . 02691-018 011...111 011...110 000...001 000...000 111...111 100...010 100...001 100...000 +v ref ? 1lsb ?v ref + 1lsb 1lsb = 2 v ref /4096 v ref ? 1lsb analog input adc code figure 19. twos complement transfer characteristic with ref in ref in input range 02691-019 v ref ref in v in 0 dout twos complement dsp/p v drive v dd v dd ad7490 v in 15 v 0 v v 0.1f r3 r1 = r2 = r3 = r4 r2 r1 r4 +ref in (= 2 ref in ) ?ref in (= 0v) ref in 011...111 000...000 100...000 figure 20. handling bipolar signals
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 18 of 28 typical connection d iagram figure 21 shows a typical connection diagram for the ad7490. in this setup, the agnd pin is connected to the analog ground plane of the system. in figure 21 , ref in is connected to a decoupled 2.5 v supply from a reference source, the ad780, to provide an analog input range of 0 v to 2.5 v (if the range bit is 1) or 0 v to 5 v (if the range bit is 0). although the ad7490 is connected to a v dd of 5 v, the serial interface is connected to a 3 v microprocessor. the v drive pin of the ad7490 is connected to the same 3 v supply of the microprocessor to allow a 3 v logic interface (see the di gital input section). the conversion result is output in a 16 - bit word. this 16 - bit data stream consists of four address bits, indicating which channel the conversion result corresponds to, followed by the 12 bits of conversion data. for applications wher e power consumption is of concern, the power - down modes should be used between conversions or bursts of several conversions to improve power performance (see the modes of operation section). 02691-020 0.1f 10f 5v supp l y seria l inter f ace 3v supp l y controller/ processor ad7490 0.1f 0.1f 0v t o ref in agnd sclk dout cs din v in 0 v dd v drive ref in v in 15 10f 2.5v ad780 figure 21 . typical connection diagram analog input channels any one of 16 analog input channels can be selected for con ver - sion by programming the multiplexer with the add3 to add0 address bits in the control register. the channel configurations are sho wn in table 7 . the ad7490 can also be configured to automatically cycle through a number of channels , as selected. the sequencer feature is accessed via the seq and shadow bits in the control register (see table 9 ). the ad7490 can be programmed to continuously convert on a selection of channels in ascending order. the sequence of analog input channels to be converted on is selected through programming the relevant bits in the shadow register (see table 10 ). the next serial transfer then act s on the sequence programmed by executing a conver - sion on the lowest channel in the selection. the next serial transfer result s in a conversion on the next highest channel in the sequence , and so on. it is not necessary to write to the control register once a sequencer operation has been initiated. the write bit must be set to 0 or the din line tied low to ensure the control register is not accidenta lly over - written or the sequence operation interrupted. if the control register is written to at any time during the sequence, it must be ensured that the seq and shadow bits are set to 1, 0 to avoid interrupting the automatic conversion sequence. this pat tern continue s until such time as the ad7490 is written to and the seq and shadow bits are configured with any bit combination except 1, 0. on completion of the sequence, the ad7490 sequencer return s to the first selected channel in the shadow register and commence s the sequence again , if uninterrupted. rather than selecting a particular sequence of channels, a number of consecutive channels beginning with c hannel 0 can also be programmed via the control register alone without needing to write to the shadow register. this is possible if the seq and shadow bits are set to 1, 1. the add3 through add0 channel address bits then determine the final channel in the consecutive sequence. the next conversion is on channel 0, then channel 1 , and so on until the channe l selected via the add3 through add0 address bits is reached. the cycle begin s again on the next serial transfer , provided the write bit is set to low ; or, if high, that the seq and shadow bits are set to 1, 0, then the adc continue s its preprogrammed auto matic se quence uninter - rupted. regardless of which channel selection method is used, the 16 - bit word output from the ad7490 during each conversion always contain s the channel address that the conversion result corresponds to , followed by the 12 - bit convers ion result (see the serial interface section). digital input the digital inputs applied to the ad7490 are not limited by the maximum ratings that limit the analog inputs. instead, the digital inputs applied can go to 7 v and are not restricted by the v dd + 0.3 v limit as on the analog inputs. another advantage of sclk, din, and cs not being restricted by the v dd + 0.3 v limit is the fact that power supply sequencing issues are avoided. if cs , din, or sclk is applied before v dd , there is no risk of latch - up as there would be on the analog inputs if a signal greater than 0.3 v were applied prior to v dd . v drive the ad7490 also has the v drive feature. v drive controls the volt age at which the serial interface operates. v drive allows the adc to easily interface to both 3 v and 5 v processors. for example, if the ad7490 is operated with a v dd o f 5 v, t h e v drive p in can be powered from a 3 v supply. the ad7490 has better dynamic p erformance with a v dd of 5 v , while still being able to interface to 3 v processors. care should be taken to ensure that v drive does not exceed v dd by more than 0.3 v (see the absolute maximum ratings section ).
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | page 19 of 28 reference section an external reference source should be used to supply the 2.5 v reference to the ad7490. errors in the reference source result in gain errors in the ad7490 transfer function and add to the specified full-scale errors of the part. a capacitor of at least 0.1 f should be placed on the ref in pin. suitable reference sources for the ad7490 include the ad780, ref192, ad1582, adr03, adr381, adr391, and adr421. if 2.5 v is applied to the ref in pin, the analog input range can either be 0 v to 2.5 v or 0 v to 5 v, depending on the range bit in the control register. modes of operation the ad7490 has a number of different modes of operation. these modes are designed to provide flexible power manage- ment options. these options can be chosen to optimize the power dissipation/throughput rate ratio for differing application requirements. the mode of operation of the ad7490 is controlled by the power management bits, pm1 and pm0, in the control register, as detailed in table 7. when power supplies are first applied to the ad7490, care should be taken to ensure that the part is placed in the required mode of operation (see the powering up the ad7490 section). normal mode (pm1 = pm0 = 1) this mode is intended for the fastest throughput rate performance because the user does not have to worry about any power-up times with the ad7490 remaining fully powered at all times. figure 22 shows the general diagram of the operation of the ad7490 in this mode. 02691-021 notes 1. control register data is loaded on first 12 sclk cycles 2. shadow register data is loaded on first 16 sclk cycles cs sclk 11 6 12 channe l identifier bits + conversion result data in to control/shadow register dout din figure 22. normal mode operation the conversion is initiated on the falling edge of cs , and the track-and-hold enters hold mode, as described in the serial interface section. the data presented to the ad7490 on the din line during the first 12 clock cycles of the data transfer is loaded to the control register (provided the write bit is 1). if data is to be written to the shadow register (seq = 0, shadow = 1 on previous write), data presented on the din line during the first 16 sclk cycles is loaded into the shadow register. the part remains fully powered up in normal mode at the end of the conversion as long as pm1 and pm0 are set to 1 in the write transfer during that conversion. to ensure continued operation in normal mode, pm1 and pm0 are both loaded with 1 on every data transfer. sixteen serial clock cycles are required to complete the conversion and access the conversion result. the track-and- hold goes back into track on the 14 th sclk falling edge. cs may then idle high until the next co nversion or may idle low until sometime prior to the next conversion, (effectively idling cs low). once a data transfer is complete (dout has returned to three- state weak/ tri bit = 0), another conversion can be initiated after the quiet time, t quiet , has elapsed by bringing cs low again. full shutdown (pm1 = 1, pm0 = 0) in this mode, all internal circuitry on the ad7490 is powered down. the part retains information in the control register during full shutdown. the ad7490 remains in full shutdown until the power management bits in the control register, pm1 and pm0, are changed. if a write to the control register occurs while the part is in full shutdown, with the power management bits changed to pm0 = pm1 = 1 (normal mode), the part begins to power up on the cs rising edge. the track-and-hold that was in hold while the part was in full shutdown returns to track on the 14 th sclk falling edge. to ensure that the part is fully powered up, t power up (t 12 ) should elapse before the next cs falling edge. figure 23 shows the general diagram for this mode. 02691-b-022 sclk 1161 14 16 14 dout part is in full shutdown part begins to power up on cs rising edge as pm1 = 1, pm0 = 1 part is fully powered up once t power up has elapsed din cs t 12 channe l identifier bits + conversion resu lt data in to control register control register is loaded on the first 12 clocks, pm1 = 1, pm0 = 1 to keep part in normal mode, load pm1 = 1, pm0 = 1 in control register data in to control/shadow register figure 23. full shut down mode operation
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 20 of 28 auto shutdown (pm1 = 0, pm0 = 1) in this mode, the ad7490 automatically enters shutdown at the end of each conversion when the control register is updated. when the part is in shutdown, the track-and-hold is in hold mode. figure 24 shows the general diagram of the operation of the ad7490 in this mode. in shutdown mode, all internal circuitry on the ad7490 is powered down. the part retains information in the control register during shutdown. the ad7490 remains in shutdown until the next cs falling edge it receives. on this cs falling edge, the track-and-hold that was on hold while the part was in shut- down mode returns to track-and-hold. wake-up time from auto shutdown is 1 s, and the user should ensure that 1 s elapses before attempting a valid conversion. when running the ad7490 with a 20 mhz clock, one dummy cycle of 16 sclk should be sufficient to ensure the part is fully powered up. during this dummy cycle, the contents of the control register should remain unchanged; therefore, the write bit should be 0 on the din line. this dummy cycle effectively halves the throughput rate of the part, with every other conversion result being valid. in this mode, the power consumption of the part is greatly reduced with the part entering shutdown at the end of each conversion. when the control register is programmed to move into auto shutdown, it does so at the end of the conversion. the user can move the adc in and out of the low power state by controlling the cs signal. auto standby (pm1 = pm0 = 0) in this mode, the ad7490 automatically enters standby mode at the end of each conversion when the control register is updated. figure 25 shows the general diagram of the operation of the ad7490 in this mode. when the part is in standby, portions of the ad7490 are powered-down, but the on-chip bias generator remains powered up. the part retains information in the control register during standby. the ad7490 remains in standby until it receives the next cs falling edge. on this cs falling edge, the track-and-hold that was on hold while the part was in standby returns to track. wake-up time from standby is 1 s; the user should ensure that 1 s elapses before attempting a valid conver- sion on the part in this mode. when running the ad7490 with a 20 mhz clock, one dummy cycle of 16 sclk should be sufficient to ensure the part is fully powered up. during this dummy cycle, the contents of the control register should remain unchanged; therefore, the write bit should be set to 0 on the din line. this dummy cycle effectively halves the throughput rate of the part with every other conversion result being valid. in this mode, the power consumption of the part is greatly reduced with the part entering standby at the end of each con- version. when the control register is programmed to move into auto standby, it does so at the end of the conversion. the user can move the adc in and out of the low power state by controlling the cs signal. 02691-023 sclk 116116116 dout din cs dummy conversion control register is loaded on the first 12 clocks, pm1 = 0, pm0 = 1 control register contents should not change, write bit = 0 p a rt enters shutdown on cs rising edge as pm1 = 0, pm0 = 1 part is fully powered up to keep part in this mode, load pm1 = 0, pm0 = 1 in control register or set write bit = 0 channe l identifier bits + conversion result data in to control/shadow register channe l identifier bits + conversion result data in to control/shadow register invalid data part enters shutdown on cs rising edge as pm1 = 0, pm0 = 1 part begins to power up on cs falling edge figure 24. auto shut down mode operation 02691-024 sclk 112161121611216 dout din cs dummy conversion control register is loaded on the first 12 clocks, pm1 = 0, pm0 = 0 control register contents should remain unchanged, write bit = 0 part is fully powered up to keep part in this mode, load pm1 = 0, pm0 = 0 in control register p a rt enters standby on cs rising edge as pm1 = 0, pm0 = 0 part enters standby on cs rising edge as pm1 = 0, pm0 = 0 part begins to power up on cs falling edge channe l identifier bits + conversion result channe l identifier bits + conversion result invalid data data in to control/shadow register data in to control/shadow register figure 25. auto standby mode operation
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | page 21 of 28 powering up the ad7490 when supplies are first applied to the ad7490, the adc may power up in any of the operating modes of the part. to ensure that the part is placed into the required operating mode, the user should perform a dummy cycle operation, as outlined in figure 26. the three dummy conversion operations outlined in figure 26 must be performed to place the part into either of the auto modes. the first two conversions of this dummy cycle operation are performed with the din line tied high, and for the third conver- sion of the dummy cycle operation, the user should write the desired control register configuration to the ad7490 to place the part into the required auto mode. on the third cs rising edge after the supplies are applied, the control register contains the correct information and valid data results from the next conversion. therefore, to ensure the part is placed into the correct operating mode when supplies are first applied to the ad7490, the user must first issue two serial write operations with the din line tied high. on the third conversion cycle, the user can then write to the control register to place the part into any of the operating modes. the user should not write to the shadow register until the fourth conversion cycle after the supplies are applied to the adc to guarantee that the control register contains the correct data. if the user wishes to place the part into either normal mode or full shutdown mode, the second dummy cycle with din tied high can be omitted from the three dummy conversion operation outlined in figure 26. 02691-025 sclk 1 12 16 1 12 16 1 12 16 dout din cs dummy conversion dummy conversion correct v a lue in control register valid data from next conversion user can write to shadow register in next conversion invalid data invalid data invalid data data in to control control register is loaded on the first 12 clock edges keep din line tied high for first two dumm y conversions figure 26. placing into the required operating mode after supplies are applied
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 22 of 28 serial interface figure 27 shows the detailed timing diagram for serial interfacing to the ad7490. the serial clock provides the conversion clock and also controls the transfer of information to and from the ad7490 during each conversion. the cs signal initiates the data transfer and conversion process. the falling edge of cs puts the track-and-hold into hold mode and takes the bus out of three-state. the analog input is sampled at this point. the conversion is also initiated at this point and requires 16 sclk cycles to complete. the track-and-hold goes back into track on the 14 th sclk falling edge, as shown in figure 27 at point b, except when the write is to the shadow register, in which case the track-and-hold does not return to track until the rising edge of cs , that is, point c in figure 28. on the 16 th sclk falling edge, the dout line goes back into three-state (assuming the weak/ tri bit is set to 0). sixteen serial clock cycles are required to perform the conversion process and to access data from the ad7490. the 12 bits of conversion data are preceded by the four channel address bits, add3 to add0, identifying which channel the conversion result corresponds to. cs going low allows the add3 address bit to be read in by the microprocessor or dsp. the remaining address bits and data bits are then clocked out by subsequent sclk falling edges, beginning with the second address bit, add2. thus, the first sclk falling edge on the serial clock has the add3 address bit provided and also clocks out address bit add2. the final bit in the data transfer is valid on the 16 th falling edge, having being clocked out on the previous (15 th ) falling edge. writing information to the control register takes place on the first 12 falling edges of sclk in a data transfer, assuming the msb, that is, the write bit, has been set to 1. if the control register is programmed to use the shadow register, writing information to the shadow register takes place on all 16 sclk falling edges in the next serial transfer (see figure 28). the shadow register is updated upon the rising edge of cs , and the track-and-hold begins to track the first channel selected in the sequence. 02691-026 sclk dout din cs write seq add3 add2 add1 add0 dontc dontc dontc add2 add1 add0 db11 db10 db2 db1 db0 b t 2 t 3 b t 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 13 14 15 16 t 9 t 10 t 8 t 4 t 7 t 6 t 5 t 11 t quiet t convert three- state three- state add3 four identification bits figure 27. serial interface timing diagram 02691-027 sclk dout din cs t 2 t 3 t 9 t 10 t 8 t 4 t 7 t 6 t 5 t 11 t convert three- state three- state add3 four identification bits add2 add1 add0 db11 db10 db2 db1 db0 c 1 2 3 4 5 6 13 14 15 16 v in 0v in 1v in 2v in 3v in 4v in 5v in 13 v in 14 v in 15 figure 28. writing to shadow register timing diagram
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | pa ge 23 of 28 if the weak/ tri bit in the control register is set to 1, instead of returning to true three - state on the 16 th sclk falling edge, the dout line is pulled weakly to the logic level corresponding to add3 of the next serial tr ansfer. this is done to ensure that the msb of the next serial transfer is set up in time for the first sclk falling edge after the cs falling edge. if the weak/ tri bit is set to 0 and the dout line has been in true three - state between conversions, the add3 address bit may not be set up in time for the dsp/microcontroller to clock it in successfully, depending on the particular dsp or microcontroller interfacing to the ad7490. in this case, add3 would only be dr iven from the falling edge of cs and must then be clocked in by the dsp on the following falling edge of sclk. however, if the weak/ tri bit is set to 1 , although dout is driven with the add3 address bit since the last conversion, it is nevertheless so weakly driven that another device may still take control of the bus. it does not lead to a bus contention ( for example, a 10 k? pull - up or pull - down resistor is sufficient to overdrive the logic level of add3 between conversions) , and all 16 channels may be identified. if this does happen and another d evice takes control of the bus , it is not guaranteed that dout will be f ully driven to add3 again in time for the read operation when control of the bus is taken back. this is especially useful if using an automatic sequence mode to identify to which channel each result corresponds. i f only the first eight channels are in use, address bit add3 does not need to be decoded, and whether it is successfully clocked in as a 1 or 0 does not matter as long as it is still counted by the dsp/ micro controller as the msb of the 16 - bit serial transfer. power vs. throughput rate by operatin g the ad7490 in auto shutdown or auto standby mode, the average power consumption of the adc decreases at lower throughput rates. figure 29 shows that as the throughput rate is reduced, the part remains in shutdown state longer and the average power consumption drops accordingly over time . for example , if the ad7490 is operated in a continuous sampling mode with a throughput rate of 100 ksps and an sclk of 20 mhz (v dd = 5 v), with pm1 = 0 and pm0 = 1 ( that is , the de vice is in auto shutdown mode ), the power consumption is calculated as shown in equation 1. the maximum power dissipation during normal operation is 12.5 mw (v dd = 5 v). if the power - up time from auto shut - down is one dummy cycle, that is, 1 s, and the re maining conversion time is another cycle , that is, 1 s, then the ad7490 can be said to dissipate 12.5 mw for 2 s during each conver - sion cycle. for the remainder of the conversion cycle, 8 s, the part remains in shutdown mode. the ad7490 can be said to dissipate 2.5 w for the remaining 8 s of the conversion cycle. if the throughput rate is 100 ksps, the cycle time is 10 s and the average power dissipated during each cycle is mw 502 . 2 w 5 . 2 10 8 mw 5 . 12 10 2 = + (1) when operating the ad7490 in auto standby mode ( p m1 = pm0 = 0 at 5 v, 100 ksps ) , the ad7490 power dissipation is calculated as shown in equation 2. the maximum power dissipation is 12.5 mw at 5 v during nor - mal operation. again the power - up time from auto standby is one dummy cycle, 1 s, and the remaini ng conversion time is another dummy cycle, 1 s. the ad7490 dissipates 12.5 mw for 2 s during each conversion cycle. for the remainder of the conversion cycle, 8 s, the part remains in standby mode, dissipating 460 w for 8 s. if the throughput rate is 100 ksps, the cycle time is 10 s and the average power dissipated during each conversion cycle is mw 868 . 2 w 460 10 8 mw 5 . 12 10 2 = + (2) figure 29 shows the power vs. throughput rate when using both the auto shutdown mode and auto standby mode with 5 v supplies. at the lower throughput rates, power consumption for the auto shutdown mode is lower than that for the auto standby mode, with the ad7490 dissipating less power when in shut - down compared to standby. as the throughput rate is increased, however, the part spends less time in power - down states; hence, the difference in power dissipated is negligible between modes. for 3 v supplies, the power consumption of the ad7490 decreases. similar power calculations can be done at 3 v. 10 0.01 0.1 1 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 02691-028 throughput (ksps) power (mv) v dd = 5v au t o s t andb y au t o shutdown figure 29 . power vs. throughput rate in auto shutdown and auto standby mode
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 24 of 28 microprocessor inter facing the serial interface on the ad7490 allows the part to be directly connected to a range of many different microprocessor s. this section explains how to interface the ad7490 with some of the more common microcontroller and dsp serial interface protocols. ad7490 to tms320c541 the serial interface on the tms320c541 uses a continuous serial clock and frame synchronization signa ls to synchronize the data transfer operations with peripheral devices like the ad7490. the cs input allows easy interfacing between the tms320c541 and the ad7490 without any glue logic required. the serial port of the tms320c541 is set up to operate in burst mode with internal clkx0 (tx serial clock on serial port 0) and fsx0 (tx frame sync from serial port 0). the serial port control register (spc) must have the following setup: fo = 0, fsm = 1, mcm = 1, and txm = 1. the connection diagram is shown in figure 30. note that for signal processing applications, it is imperative that the frame synchronization signal from the tms320c541 provide equidistant sampling. the v drive pin of the ad7490 tak es the same supply voltage as that of the tms320c541. this allows the adc to operate at a higher voltage than the serial interface, that is , tms320c541, if necessary. 02691-029 ad7490 tms320c541* sclk clkx clkr dr dt fsx fsr dout din cs *additiona l pins removed for clarit y v drive v dd figure 30 . interfacing to the tms320c541 ad7490 to adsp - 21xx t he adsp - 21xx family of dsps is interfaced directly to the ad7490 without any glue logic required. the v drive pin of the ad7490 takes the same supply voltage as that of the adsp - 218x.this allows the adc to operate at a higher volt age than the serial interfa ce, that is, adsp - 218x, if necessary. the sport0 control register should be set up as follows: ? tfsw = rfsw = 1, alternate framing ? invrfs = invtfs = 1, active low frame signal ? dtype = 00, right justify data ? slen = 1111, 16 - bit data - words ? isclk = 1, internal serial clock ? tfsr = rfsr = 1, frame every word ? irfs = 0 ? itfs = 1 the connection diagram is shown in figure 31 . the adsp - 218x has the tfs and rfs of the sport tied together, with tfs set as an output and rfs set as an input. the dsp operates in alternate framing mode , and the sport control register is set up as described. the frame synchronization signal generated on the tfs is tied to cs , and , as with all signal processing applications, equidi stant sampling is necessary. in this example, however, the timer interrupt is used to control the sampling rate of the adc , and under certain conditions, equidistant sampling may not be achieved. the timer register , for example , is loaded with a value that provide s an interrupt at the required sample interval. when an interrupt is received, a value is transmitted with tfs/dt (adc control word). the tfs is used to control the rfs and , thus , the reading of data. the frequency of the serial clock is set in the sclkdiv register. when the instructio n to transmit with tfs is given ( that is , ax0 = tx0), the state of the sclk is checked. the dsp wait s until the sclk has gone high, low , and high before transmission start s . if the timer and sclk values are chosen such that the instruction to transmit occurs on or near the rising edge of sclk, the data may be transmitted or it may wait until the next clock edge. for example, if the adsp - 2189 with a 20 mhz crystal has an overall master clock frequency of 40 mhz, then the master cycle time is 25 ns. if the sclkdiv register is loaded with a value of 3, a n sclk of 5 mhz is obtained, and eight master clock periods elapse for every 1 sclk period. depending on the throughput rate selected, if the timer registers are loaded with the value 803, 100.5 sclks occur between interrupts and subsequently between transmit instructions. this situation results in nonequidistant sampling because the transmit instruc - tion occurs on a sclk edge. if the number of sclks between interrupts is a f igure of n, equidistant sampling is implemented by the dsp. 02691-030 ad7490 adsp-218x* sclk sclk dr dt rfs tfs dout din cs *additiona l pins removed for clarit y v drive v dd figure 31 . interfacing to the adsp - 218x ad7490 to dsp563xx the connection diagram in figure 32 shows how the ad7490 can be conne cted to the essi (synchronous serial interface) of the dsp563xx family of dsps from motorola. each essi ( two on board) is operated in synchronous mode ( the syn bit in crb = 1) with internally generated word length frame sync for both tx and rx (fsl1 = 0 an d fsl0 = 0 in crb). normal operation of the essi is selected by making mod = 0 in the crb.
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | pa ge 25 of 28 set the word length to 16 by setting wl1 = 1 and wl0 = 0 in cra. the fsp bit in the crb should be set to 1 so the frame sync is negative. note that for signal proces sing applica tions, it is imperative that the frame synchronization signal from the dsp563xx provide equidistant sampling. 02691-031 ad7490 dsp563xx* srd dout *additiona l pins removed for clarit y v drive sclk sck sc2 din v dd std cs figure 32 . interfacing to the dsp563xx in the example shown in fig ure 32 , the serial clock is taken from the essi so the sck0 pin must be set as an output, sckd = 1. the ad7490 v drive pin takes the same supply voltage as that of the dsp563xx. this allows the adc to operate at a higher voltage than the serial interface, that is , dsp563xx, if necessary. application hints grounding and layout the ad7490 has very good immunity to noise on the power supplies shown in the psrr vs. supply ripple frequency plot, figure 7 . care should stil l be taken, however, with regard to grounding and layout. the printed circuit board that houses the ad7490 should be designed such that the analog and digital sections are separated and confined to certain areas of the board. this facilitates the use of gr ound planes that can be separated easily. a minimum etch technique is generally best for ground planes because it gives the best shielding. all three agnd pins of the ad7490 should be sunk in the agnd plane. digital and analog ground planes should be joine d at only one place. if the ad7490 is in a system where multiple devices require an agnd to dgnd connection , the connection should still be made at one point only, a star ground point that should be established as close as possible to the ad7490. avoid run ning digital lines under the device because these couple noise onto the die. the analog ground plane should be allowed to run under the ad7490 to avoid noise coupling. the power supply lines to the ad7490 should use as large a trace as possible to provide low impedance paths and reduce the effects of glitches on the power supply line. fast switching signals like clocks should be shielded with digital ground to avoid radiating noise to other sections of the board, and clock signals should never be run near t he analog inputs. avoid crossover of digital and analog signals. traces on opposite sides of the board should run at right angles to each other. this reduce s the effects of feedthrough through the board. a microstrip technique is by far the best but is not always possible with a double - sided board. in this technique, the component side of the boar d is dedicated to ground planes, and signals are placed on the solder side. good decoupling is also important. all analog supplies should be decoupled with 10 f t antalum in parallel with 0.1 f capaci - tors to agnd. to achieve the best from these decoupling components, they must be placed as close as possible to the device, ideally right up against the device. the 0.1 f capacitors should have low effective series r esistance (esr) and effective series inductance (esi), such as the common ceramic types or surface mount types, which provide a low impedance path to ground at high frequencies to handle transient currents due to internal logic switching. pcb design guidel ines f or chip scale package the lands on the chip scale package (cp - 32) are rectangular. the printed circuit board pad for these should be 0.1 mm longer than the package land length and 0.05 mm wider than the package land width. the land should be centered on the pad. this ensure s that the solder joint size is maximized. the bottom of the chip scale package has a central thermal pad. the thermal pad on the printed circuit board should be at least as large as this exposed pad. on the printed circuit board, t here should be a clearance of at least 0.25 mm between the thermal pad and the inner edges of the pad pattern. this ensure s that shorting is avoided. thermal vias can be used on the printed circuit board thermal pad to improve thermal performance of the pa ckage. if vias are used, they should be incorporated in the thermal pad at 1.2 mm pitch grid. the via diameter should be between 0.3 mm and 0.33 mm , and the via barrel should be plated with 1 oz. copper to plug the via. the user should connect the printed circuit board thermal pad to agnd. evaluating the ad7490 performance the recommended layout for the ad7490 is outlined in the evaluation board for the ad7490. the evaluation board package includes a fully assembled and tested evaluation board, documen - tati on , and software for controlling the board from the pc via the eval - control brd2 . the e va l - control brd2 can be used in conjunction with the ad7490 evaluation board, as well as many other analog devices , inc., evaluation boards ending in the cb designator, to demonstrate and evaluate the ac and dc performance of the ad7490. the software allows the user to perform ac (fast fourier transform) and dc (histogram of codes) tests on the ad7490. the software and documentation are on a cd shipped with the evalu ation board.
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 26 of 28 outline dimensions compliant to jedec standards mo-153-ae 28 15 14 1 8 0 seating plane coplanarity 0.10 1.20 max 6.40 bsc 0.65 bsc pin 1 0.30 0.19 0.20 0.09 4.50 4.40 4.30 0.75 0.60 0.45 9.80 9.70 9.60 0.15 0.05 figure 33 . 28 - lead thin shrink small outline package [tssop] (ru - 28) dimensions shown in millimeters compliant to jedec standards mo-220-whhd. 112408-a 1 0.50 bsc bot t om view top view pin 1 indic a t or 32 9 16 17 24 25 8 exposed pa d pin 1 indic a t or 3.25 3.10 sq 2.95 se a ting plane 0.05 max 0.02 nom 0.20 ref coplanarity 0.08 0.30 0.25 0.18 5.10 5.00 sq 4.90 0.80 0.75 0.70 for proper connection of the exposed pad, refer to the pin configuration and function descriptions section of this data sheet. 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.25 min figure 34 . 32 - lead lead frame chip scale package [lfcsp _ w q ] 5 mm 5 mm body, very very thin quad ( cp - 32 - 7 ) dimensions shown in millimeters
data sheet ad7490 rev. d | pa ge 27 of 28 ordering guide model 1 , 2 , 3 temperature range integral linearity error (lsb) package description package option ad7490bcpz ? 40c to +85c 1 32- lead lead frame chip scale package [lfcsp_ w q] cp -32-7 ad7490bcpz - reel7 ? 40c to +85c 1 32- lead lead frame chip scale package [lfcsp_ w q] cp -32-7 ad7490bru ? 40c to +85c 1 28- lead thin shrink small outline package [tssop] ru -28 ad7490bru - reel7 ? 40c to +85c 1 28 - lead thin shrink small outline package [tssop] ru - 28 ad7490bruz ? 40c to +85c 1 28- lead thin shrink small outline package [tssop] ru -28 ad7490bruz - reel ? 40c to +85c 1 28- lead thin shrink small outline package [tssop] ru -28 ad7490bruz - reel7 ? 40c to +85c 1 28- lead thin shrink small outline package [tssop] ru -28 eval - ad7490sdz evaluation board eval - sdp - cb1z controller board 1 z = rohs compliant part. 2 the eval - ad7490cbz can be used as a stand alone evaluation board or in conjunction with the evaluation controller b oard for evaluation/demonstration purposes. 3 th e e val - control brd2 is a complete unit allowing a pc to control and communicate with all analog devices evaluation boards ending in a cb designator . to order a complete evaluation kit, you need to order the particular adc evaluation board (for example, eval - a d7490cb z) , the eval - control - brd2, and a 12 v ac transformer. see the relevant evaluation board data sheet for more information.
ad7490 data sheet rev. d | page 28 of 28 notes ? 2002 C 2012 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. d02691 - 0- 12/12(d)

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